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UPPER

The UPPER function in SQL converts all lowercase alphabetic characters in a specified string to uppercase.

Syntax​

UPPER(string)

Parameters​

  • string: The original string to convert.

Return Value​

The function returns a new string that is the same as the original string, but with all lowercase characters converted to uppercase. Non-alphabetic characters in the string are unaffected.

Errors​

  • If the string argument is not a string, a FunctionRequiresStringValue error will be returned.

Examples​

Consider a table Item created and filled with the following data:

CREATE TABLE Item (
    name TEXT
);
INSERT INTO Item VALUES ('abcd'), ('Abcd'), ('ABCD');

You can use the UPPER function to convert all name values to uppercase:

SELECT UPPER(name) AS upper_name FROM Item;

This will return:

ABCD
ABCD
ABCD

Note that the UPPER function affects only alphabetic characters. Non-alphabetic characters in the string remain unchanged.